Past Simple и Present Perfect легко спутать, в русском языке оба времени, как правило, передаются с помощью прошедшего. В английском языке, чтобы подчеркнуть, что свершившееся действие актуально для настоящего момента, используется Present Perfect. Если в предложении присутствуют слова, указывающие на пространство настоящего времени, такие как «сегодня», «в этом году» и так далее, то употребляется Present Perfect, даже если то, о чем идет речь, уже произошло. При этом если мы хотим сказать, что что-то случилось некоторое время назад, достаточно использовать Past Simple.
Выполните эти несколько упражнений, выбрав правильный вариант, чтобы определить, насколько хорошо вы различаете эти два времени. Ответы даны в конце.
- He lived/has lived in Mumbai when he was a child.
- The chief guest has arrived/arrived a few minutes ago.
- They have signed / signed the contract yesterday.
- The meeting has started / started at 4 o’clock.
- I have finished / finished working on the project.
- They have finished / finished the project yesterday.
- Somebody has left / left their umbrella in the room.
- Have / Did you ever been / go in/to Italy?
- I have lost / lost my keys so I cannot open the door.
- Nobody have opened / opened the door although I rang the bell several times.
- His father has came back / came back to Englang last Saturday.
- She has lived / lived in London for two month.
- I have already been / already was in Paris.
- Then she has looked / looked at me and started to cry.
- I have not recognised / didn’t recognize him.
- It is the first time she has painted / painted someone’s portrait.
- You haven’t passed / didn’t pass this exam.
- I have wanted / wanted to buy a large house.
- Who has played / played for Manchester United in 2016?
- I didn’t hear/have not heard anything from her since Monday.
